Embracing One Health for Sustainable Development in Bosnia and Herzegovina

To protect the health of people, animals, and ecosystems, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) in Bosnia and Herzegovina have launched a joint project titled “SDG Localisation Through Healthy Food Systems Transformation.” Rooted in the One Health approach, this initiative tackles the interconnected challenges affecting human, animal, plant, and environmental health. By focusing on transforming urban food systems in Trebinje, Bijeljina, Kakanj, and Široki Brijeg, the project aims to build local capacity and establish participatory platforms that bring together a diverse range of stakeholders, from government bodies and civil society organizations to the private sector and local communities.

At the heart of this initiative is the FAO’s commitment to promoting sustainable and healthy lifestyles, particularly among vulnerable groups such as women and youth. As Vlado Pijunović, FAO National Programme Coordinator, emphasized, “The advocacy and activities will promote sustainable and healthy lifestyles, particularly targeting vulnerable groups, including women. This holistic approach aims to raise awareness at the municipal level, contributing to better governance related to food safety and animal diseases.” 

By advocating for sustainable and healthy lifestyles, the project addresses the widespread need for informed consumer behaviour and community engagement in health-related decisions. Vulnerable groups, especially women and youth, are often at the forefront of food production and nutrition. Targeting their specific needs and challenges is essential for fostering equity and inclusivity within food systems.

Community involvement and collaborative efforts

One of the key strengths of this initiative lies in its emphasis on community involvement and collaboration. The project engages a wide array of stakeholders, ensuring that everyone—from local farmers to policymakers—has a voice in shaping the future of agrifood systems. This inclusive approach is exemplified by the participation of the City of Trebinje, which has been recognized for its proactive efforts in promoting sustainable living and innovation. Mayor Mirko Ćurić highlighted the city’s commitment, stating, “The goal is to improve and advance the entire food chain, from production to consumption.” This vision aligns with the project’s broader aim of fostering enduring social and economic benefits through sustainable practices and healthy lifestyles.

Ultimately, this initiative seeks to foster enduring social and economic benefits by advocating for sustainable practices and healthy lifestyles. By enhancing food safety standards and effectively managing animal diseases, the project will improve public health outcomes, lower healthcare costs, and bolster community resilience against future health threats. The transition to sustainable living will be instrumental in combating climate change, further intertwining health, environment, and social equity to the benefit of all.

Strengthening local and national partnerships

As part of the initiative, a team of experts will conduct a Voluntary Local Review (VLR) to identify shortcomings and areas needing improvement to ensure that the food produced, processed, and consumed in Trebinje adheres to the highest safety standards. This effort will particularly ensure the safety of food consumed by youth within the education system.

“A holistic approach will enable the exchange of experiences and good practices with other communities and foster better cooperation with institutions, especially the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water and the Ministry of Education and Culture of Republika Srpska,” concluded Mayor Ćuriċ.

FAO’s role in this project extends beyond local transformation; it also involves strengthening national and international partnerships. By working closely with the WHO and other partners across Bosnia and Herzegovina, FAO is helping to strengthen health systems, improve disease surveillance, and ensure rapid responses to outbreaks. This collaborative effort is essential for preventing the spread of diseases and safeguarding domestic health security. The project also endeavours to actualize the global 2030 Agenda within the targeted municipalities, ensuring that local communities are actively engaged in transforming their agrifood systems and contributing to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Anticipated long-term outcomes

The anticipated outcomes include increased awareness among rights holders and a stronger commitment from duty bearers, resulting in positive behaviour changes. This shift towards sustainable practices promises a healthier environment for future generations and builds momentum for the upcoming UN Food Systems Summit +4 Stocktaking Moment in 2025.

Ultimately, FAO’s expanded role in this initiative reflects its broader mission to create resilient, inclusive, and sustainable agrifood systems. By addressing health threats at their origin, promoting sustainable practices, and empowering vulnerable groups, FAO is not only improving public health but also fostering social equity and environmental sustainability. Through its collaborative efforts with WHO, local governments, and other stakeholders, FAO is ensuring that the benefits of this initiative are both immediate and enduring, paving the way for a healthier, more sustainable future for all.

By embracing the principles of One Health, the project aligns closely with the SDGs, particularly those related to Zero Hunger (SDG 2), Good Health and Well-Being (SDG 3), and Sustainable Cities and Communities (SDG 11). The integration of health, agriculture, and environmental sectors showcases a commitment to sustainable development that benefits both current and future generations.